MODE OF ACTION

Shellbourne Fuel Catalysts are proprietary chemical combustion catalyst compounds, which are dissolved in petroleum distillate/alcohol carriers.

The basis of describing the activity of Shellbourne fuel catalyst is presented as a summary of combustion.

The combustion of hydrocarbons involves a spontaneous chemical reaction of gaseous molecules of fuel and oxygen. In the gaseous state, the reaction can proceed as a wave propagation from a localized source of ignition, or as a simultaneous reaction through the gases.

Heat and pressure cause the molecules of the gas mixture to be in rapid motion. A chemical reaction takes place when molecules collide. Initially, pre-flame reaction occurs, which produces chemical radicals necessary for ignition. Ignition is initiated from an external source, e.g. flame, heat of compression or electrical spark and a self-sustaining chemical reaction between hydrocarbons and oxygen will then occur.

If the combustion of a pure hydrocarbon fuel were complete, then the reaction products would be carbon dioxide and water. However this ideal condition is extremely difficult to attain and without exception, in industry it is never attained.

Incomplete combustion is identified by the many chemical compounds present in the exhaust gas, i.e.:

1. Carbon monoxide
2. Carbon
3. Unburned hydrocarbons
4. Partially oxidized hydrocarbons

     (Aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols)

A lesser quantity of these chemicals constituents, especially carbon monoxide, indicates increased combustion efficiency.

The reactivity of Shellbourne fuel catalyst in hydrocarbon fuels involves a thermal decomposition of the active compound (at moment of ignition). The additive’s active ingredients create catalytic sites for the oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel molecules. This enhances oxidation process (combustion), which in turn reduces ignition requirements.

The catalyst molecules decompose to provide kinetic energy in excess of the activation energy of the local fuel molecules. The result is a more uniform oxidation throughout the reaction. The additional kinetic energy provides a higher average residence time for the oxidation of hydrocarbons.